Thread: Вопросы по грамматике и значению слов (by Simon000001

Шоферюга - это застарелый матерый шофер-рецидивист.

Originally Posted by Aluette

Суффикс -юга используется для усиления отрицательного смысла (to emphasize or to strengthen negative attitude) - вор (thief) - ворюга, подлец (sneak) - подлюга

Не всегда, например, слово "мастерюга" может означать матерый, опытный в своем деле.

Пример. Малкин — мастерюга из того, совет­ского хоккея, который радовал нашего болельщика постоянными победами.
(заслуженный тренер Сергей Николаев, аналитик журнала "Спорт")

Слово "зверюга" может быть училено суффиксом "-ище" - зверюжище

Originally Posted by Боб Уайтман

It is very audible for Russian ear.

Too bad I don't have one of those... For a lot of consonants the distinction is basically meaningless for me.

У Пушкина в «Евгении Онегине»:

Он дамам к ручке не подходит;
Всё да, да нет, не скажет да-с
Иль нет-с — таков был общий глас.

Originally Posted by bitpicker

Too bad I don't have one of those... For a lot of consonants the distinction is basically meaningless for me.

You just need some good listening exercises.
I can record for you some, if you like.

There's an interesting article which touches this issue: http://ai.ato.ms/MITECS/Entry/hatch.html
Quotes:
For example, the linguistic rules that a person learns have the capacity to lead that individual to mis-hear speech sounds that he or she is not accustomed to hearing, while the same person has no difficulty hearing minute differences between other speech sounds that are part of his or her native tongue. Thus this segment of experience is comprehended through a complex of unconscious linguistic forms, and speakers of different languages hear these sounds differently.
...
For instance, while he argued that the speakers of different languages hear the same speech sounds differently, he also assumed that the trained linguist may discover this happening, for, with effort, it is possible to learn to hear sounds as they truly are. In a sense, the linguist is able to experience speech sounds outside of his or her own linguistic framework, and to avoid the cognitive distortions produced by culture.

Originally Posted by bitpicker

Too bad I don't have one of those... For a lot of consonants the distinction is basically meaningless for me.

Try to start pronouncing the sounds correctly yourself and you will start hearing the difference. That's how I started hearing the difference between v and w for example.

Originally Posted by Marcus

Try to start pronouncing the sounds correctly yourself and you will start hearing the difference. That's how I started hearing the difference between v and w for example.

Yes, pronouncing correctly is also important. But is does not always help to hear the difference.
For example, I am able to pronounce English final -n and -ng correctly (as in "sin" and "sing"). And I feel where my tongue is when pronouncing them.
But I still struggle to hear the difference in native speakers' speech When I hear "sin" and "sing", they often sound the same to me.

Originally Posted by Marcus

Try to start pronouncing the sounds correctly yourself and you will start hearing the difference. That's how I started hearing the difference between v and w for example.

It is hard to come by definitions what actually to do.

Do you have any audio with consonant + vowel combinations? Just in the simple pairs. In English the soft consonants are disappearing, and so some soft consonants sound something like a speech pathology, not lisping, but not in the typical (hard) sound distributions we hear. After listening to enough audio, and then hearing in movies etc, it gets to be normal. For me, the definitions were more meaningful after the fact, after getting good audio.

Originally Posted by maxmixiv

Ещё есть шоферюга. Кто-то наверное сильно не любил шофёров, и придумал это слово

You couldn't add this suffix to every word.

Yes, I found out. Tried several combinations, and searched. Only a few are present. But at least one is present in morphological analyzer жадюга.

А гадюка?

Originally Posted by Seraph

Do you have any audio with consonant + vowel combinations? Just in the simple pairs. In English the soft consonants are disappearing, and so some soft consonants sound something like a speech pathology, not lisping, but not in the typical (hard) sound distributions we hear. After listening to enough audio, and then hearing in movies etc, it gets to be normal. For me, the definitions were more meaningful after the fact, after getting good audio.

What do you mean? Soft consonants in English can be due to non-phonemic changes and that's all. Well, some consonants are inherently soft, like sh.
Here the combination is the opposite: a vowel + a consonant. You should put the tip of your tongue to the roots of the lower teeth and raise the middle part of the tongue.

Хитрюга
Журналюга

Привет,

"Есть у меня шестерка слуг,
Проворных, удалых,
И все, что я вижу вокруг,-
Все знаю я от них"

Почему "шестерка" а не "шесть" ?
И какие эквиваленты слову "шестерка" за другие числа ?

Спасибо

You can say "шестерка" or "шесть" in this case, but "шестерка" means that we count them (servants) as a whole. Even grammatically they become singular - моя шестерка слуг, но мои шесть слуг.

Потому что стихотворный размер требует.

пятёрка
десятка
Can use for currency/bills?

Конечно, можно.

единица, двойка, тройка, четверка, пятерка, шестерка, семерка, восьмерка, девятка - are names of digits (symbols of corresponding digits).

+ десятка, двадцатка, тридцатка, сороковка, сорокопятка, сотня, двухсотка и т.д. also can refer to:
- a corresponding number of objects as a whole (as Aluette said);
- a banknote of corresponding par;
- an object, which have a corresponding number in its definition ("тридцатьчетверка" - tank T-34, "сорокопятка" - a cannon of 45 mm calibre).

"Шестерка" - is the object with value 6 in some characteristic.
For example, we can call "шестерка" - the veneer with thickness - 6 mm. Of course, listener should know what is the speech about.

Also, this word have two slang meaning is Russia.
The first - the cheap and simple car ВАЗ-2106.
The second - the lowest position in gangster hierarchy.

Зверюга = зверь юга!
Animal from the south.
(Шутка )