Thread: Correct please (dinlot)

> "Ударять" is used rarely. We use "бить" instead.

Yes.
"Ударить" is "to strike once" (event)
"Бить" is "to beat (to do many strikes during period of time)" (process)

"Ударять" form is something like "to strike (once, but) several times (during time period)". It is not used in natural speech, because verb "бить" exists.
Also, "to kick dog" is probably "пнуть собаку". "Пнуть" is "to strike by leg".

Please explain me in which context we use пёс?

Originally Posted by Antonio1986

Please explain me in which context we use пёс?

Antonio, пёс is used when you want to particularly emphasize that your dog is "a boy"!

The word собака is grammatically feminine, but can be used either:
(a) about a female dog
or
(b) about a dog whose gender/sex is not known to the speaker.

The word сука means "a definitely female dog" (and cannot be used for a dog of unknown gender) -- but, just like the English bitch, nowadays it is "used politely only by professional dog-breeders."

Originally Posted by Throbert McGee

Antonio, пёс is used when you want to particularly emphasize that your dog is "a boy"!

The word собака is grammatically feminine, but can be used either:
(a) about a female dog
or
(b) about a dog whose gender/sex is not known to the speaker.

The word сука means "a definitely female dog" (and cannot be used for a dog of unknown gender) -- but, just like the English bitch, nowadays it is "used politely only by professional dog-breeders."

The word соба́ка is general. A dog can be called собака even if it’s known it is male.

The word пёс can sometimes be used to refer to a dog whose sex is not known (more rarely than собака though).

There’ş also a word кобе́ль — ‘a male dog’. Like су́ка, it is used mostly by dog-breeders and can be used as an offensive word too (‘tomcat’ (?), ‘sleazebag’(?), don’t know how to say it in English).
It’s the word кобель that means a definitely male dog.

A similar thing is with horses.
Both ло́шадь (grammatically feminine) and конь (grammatically masculine) can be used for horses of both sex.
Ло́шадь is more general, while конь is a bit rarer.
If you want to tell about a horse’s sex, you can use words кобы́ла ‘female horse’, ‘mare’; жеребе́ц ‘male horse’, ‘stallion’; ме́рин ‘castrated male horse’, ‘gelding’.

My friends, can you please fill in the blanks. I can't find them in my grammar book. Thanks.

Masculine - мой Feminine - моя Neuter - мое Plural - мои
Accusative -
Genitive -
Dative -
Instrumental -
Prepositonal -

Originally Posted by dinlot

My friends, can you please fill in the blanks. I can't find them in my grammar book. Thanks.

Masculine - мой Feminine - моя Neuter - мое Plural - мои

Make a note of this, dinlot -- here's the entry for мой in Викисловарь, which you can find at ru.wiktionary.org. It includes the complete declension in all cases and genders, singular and plural!

More generally, if you go to ru.wiktionary.org, in the top-right corner you'll see a text-entry field labelled "Поиск" ("Search"). If you need the declension or conjugation for common Russian nouns, pronouns, and verbs, just enter the "dictionary form" here. (I.e., the masc. sing. for nouns/pronouns/adjectives, or the infinitive of verbs).

Note that not ALL entries in the "Vikislovar" include complete declension/conjugation tables, but in general, the entries for the "basic root vocabulary" of Russian are very complete.

P.S. The noun/pronoun/adjective declension tables include the following abbreviations:

Им. = nominative (именительный падеж, "case")
Р. = genitive (родительный)
Д. = dative (дательный)
В. (одуш.) = accusative, animate (винительный, одушенный)
В. (неодуш.) = accusative, inanimate (винительный, неодушенный)
Тв. = instrumental (творительный)
Пр. = prepositional (предложный)
ед.ч. = singular number (единственное число)
м. = masculine gender (мужской род)
ж. = feminine gender (женский род)
с. = neuter gender (средний род)
мн.ч. = plural number (множественное число)

Originally Posted by Throbert McGee

В. (одуш.) = accusative, animate (винительный, одушенный)
В. (неодуш.) = accusative, inanimate (винительный, неодушенный)

In my opinion `одушенный` is wrong form (I never hear this word). Correct form is `одушевлённый` (`неодушевлённый`).

Thank you for the reference. I don't know what to do without you guys. Спасибо.

The Chinese occupied an airstrip near my country.

Китацы заняли (ся) аэропорт близкой моей стане.

заняли (ся) - occupied/perfective past

аэропорт - airport/ accusative inanimate/ no changes.

близкой - near/ prepositional feminine

моей - my/ prepositional feminine

стане - country/ prepositional feminine

Спасибо!

Китайцы заняли(ся) аэропорт близкий к моей стране.
However my translation for your example is "Китайцы заняли аэропорт рядом с моей страной".

1) Китайцы, стране
I think these mistakes are typo.

2) Заняли(ся)
You mixed up two different verbs: занимать (occupy) и заниматься (doing). Yes, they looks very similar.

3) рядом с моей страной
When I read the original (english) sentence I understand it like "The Chinese occupied an airstrip, and it happened near my country". Am I right? If yes, so "near" is adverb and should be translated into russian like "рядом". If you need clarify where this "near" is (near smth), you have to use the construction "рядом с [кем/чем - instrumental case]".

4) аэропорт близкий к
Maybe, I'm wrong, and when you used the word "near" you wished to describe quality of the airstrip. In such case "near" is adjective and its declension links with airstrip (аэропорт in your translation), so it should be masculine.
If you need clarify an object relative to which a distance is small you should use the construction "близкий/близкая/близкое к [кому/чему - dative case]" or "близко к [кому/чему - dative case]".
I can recall only one exception: "близкие люди" ("close" people): family members, loved ones, friends. In this case "близкие" is used like "дорогие" (дорогие люди), without preposition "к".
Examples:
a) Я очень волнуюсь, когда близкие/дорогие мне люди не отвечают на мои телефонные звонки.
b) Алексей и Светлана - близкие/дорогие моему сердцу люди.
However when "близкие люди" is not same "дорогие люди", when it means "people from close surroundings" you should use "люди близкие к".
Example: Люди близкие к мэру (т. е. люди из окружения мэра, а не его друзья), сообщили, что строительство нового стадиона начнётся уже летом.

5) рядом с моей страной/ близкий к моей стране
For educational purposes I used your variant of "страна" in the both translations. However usually when we wish say that something is near our country, we use "граница/границы [страны]" instead.


So, these variants are better:
Китайцы заняли аэропорт рядом с границами моей страны.
Китайцы заняли аэропорт близкий к границам моей страны.

And these are more better
Китайцы заняли аэропорт, расположенный рядом с границами моей страны.
Китайцы заняли аэропорт, расположенный близко к границам моей страны.

6) My dictionary says that "airstrip" means "лётная полоса, взлётно-посадочная полоса, посадочная площадка". Usually "аэропорт" is "airport".

An affront to Christ is an affront at the Metropolitan of Kiev.

Оскорбление в Христосе есть оскорбление в Столичние из Киеве.

Оскорбление - nominative

Христосе - prepositional

Столичние из Киеве. prepositional.

Cпасибо!

I think it must be: "Оскорбление Христа (Христоса) - это оскорбление Митрополита Киевского".
Христа/Христоса - genitive.
Митрополита Киевского - genitive.
"Во Христе" (prepositional) is used in such phrases as "Единение во Христе" (Unity in Christ).

Христоса - not sure this form is generally used.

If you want the wording used in Russian religious texts (which would be correct in this case) you can say, "Хула на Христа есть хула на Митрополита Киевского" (хула is an archaic Russian word confined mostly to religious writings and speeches, it can imply 'affront' in this situation).

Митрополит is a title. (head priest, usually in a large metropolitan region and adjoining areas)

Canada revoked the citizenship of Toronto 18 ringleader using anti-terror law.

Канада отменла гражданство из торонтыи 18 лидера на анти-террористический законами.

отменла - revoked/perfective past

гражданство - accusative neuter/no change

торонтыи - adjective

лидера - genitive

анти-террористический - adjective

законами - instrumental.

Срасибо!

Originally Posted by dinlot

Canada revoked the citizenship of Toronto 18 ringleader using anti-terror law.
Канада отменла гражданство из торонтыи 18 лидера на анти-террористический законами.

Канада аннулировала гражданство главаря «Торонто 18», ссылаясь на антитеррористический закон.
(Do I understand right that Toronto 18 is a name of a terrorist organization?)

Originally Posted by dinlot

Срасибо!

Спасибо!

I may be a disgruntled worker of James but I would not plot his demise.

Я возможно есть недовольный служащий в гаимса но я не готову его кончину.

готову - future tense of plot

гаимса - James/ genitive masculine

его кончину - his demise/ accusative feminine.

Срасибо!

They gave the prompt. So I removed the lid.

Они дали быстра. Так я удаляли(cя) крышку.

быстра- prompt/accusative masculine

крышку - lid/accusative feminine

Спасибо!

They gave the prompt. So I removed the lid.
Они дали быстра. Так я удаляли(cя) крышку.

Could you explain why you choose the word "быстро" to translate the word "prompt"? I try to understand your algoritm. And as I can see you understand not well when the ending "ся" should be using in verbs. Am I right?

I saw the adjective of prompt, compared them with other adjectives whose roots are nouns and imitated them. I admit I am halfway through verbs. Don't want to lie but it's getting there. Either that I am reading them right now or I really cannot understand. Спасибо!

> I may be a disgruntled worker of James but I would not plot his demise.
> Я возможно есть недовольный служащий в гаимса но я не готову его кончину.
"есть" in meaning "is" is supressed in natural russian speech in 95% of cases. This is one of them.
"в гаимса" = у Джеймса. "в..." is "in(inside) James" which is nonsence, because he is person. "в..." is applicable if you talk about company. Also, russian transliterations try to save original sounding. "James" is "Джеймс".
> готову - future tense of plot
готовлю
Result: "Я, возможно, недовольный служащий у Джейса, но я не готовлю его кончину.".