Подскажите, пожалуйста, лучшее название для этой дискуссии.
Подскажите, пожалуйста, лучшее название для этой дискуссии.
"...Важно, чтобы форум оставался местом, объединяющим людей, для которых интересны русский язык и культура. ..." - MasterАdmin (из переписки)
When it comes to population trends in the early days of the USSR:
1) There was a civil war going on. It's a common trend in wars, that people have less children.
2) There were public information campaigns on a large scale in the USSR. Communist ideology has an aspect of liberating women. Part of that is educating women in controlling how many children they have. Not being pregnant all the time would have been incredibly liberating for women in those days. There are many ways to reduce the chance of getting pregnant without using modern contraceptives. I think it's very likely that women got educated on that, and were able to reduce the number of children they had.
3) The USSR was the first country in the world to officially legalise abortion - this happened in 1920. It's quite likely that the option to have an abortion reduced births significantly. A lot of single women or very poor women probably chose this option rather than have a child they weren't in a position to look after.
4) The influence of religion reduced, so ideas about "go forth and multiply" and "let God open and close the womb"
probably became less influential.
Then in the 1930s the number of births increased per the stats that diogen posted. That ties in perfectly with something I studied at university, whereby the USSR was starting up creches and various state-run facilities to provide childcare for working women. This was somewhat unique and the way that the USSR did this was much studied in other countries. I read a book about it at university, by a woman who toured the USSR just to look at how childcare was organised. A lot of the aspects of the Soviet childcare system was copied in Sweden, precisely to solve the childcare problem which meant that women in the 1930s had less children. Basically, when free good quality childcare was available, women were probably more willing to start having more children.
Also, by the 1930s, a lot of people probably in better housing than in the 1920s, the Civil War was in the past and things were more stable.
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