Quote Originally Posted by Heart Of A Lion View Post
I'm wondering how to integrate the following information in the table that I posted: Russian grammar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In this Wikipedia article, under the table of "Second Declension - Masculine nouns", there are 3 notes listed:

Notes:

1. After a sibilant (ж, ч, ш) or a velar (г, к, or х) consonant, и is written. And а for some words (глаз — глаза, доктор — доктора, etc.).
2. After a sibilant, ей is written.
3. After a soft consonant, ё is written when stressed; е when unstressed.

I don't want to put these notes as just notes under the table, because I think they can be integrated into the table, by putting in a number of extra rows with slightly adjusted endings.


For example:

Integrating note 1 + 2 in an extra row for the sibilant ж:

Second decl. m.: -ж, -жа, -жу, N or G, -жом, -же, -жы, -жей, -жам, N or G, -жами, -жах


However I'm not sure if I'm doing this right or if it even can be done this way. If so, then I can do this for all the sibilants.

But before I do this, I wanted to check with you guys if this is a correct way of integrating these notes in the table.

The first and the second column of the table in Wikipedia show endigns for stems on hard and soft consonant. The actual difference is in -ов/-ей and -ом/-ем/-ём:
* Genitive Plural: -ов after a hard consonant, -ей after a soft consonant.
* Instrumental Singular: -ом after a hard consonant, -ем or -ём after a soft consonant, depending on stress. (As far as I know, there is no way to guess the correct stress. You have to remember it.)

All other Cases have pure orthographical variations:
soft consonant + -а = -я
soft consonant + -у = -ю
soft consonant + -ы = -и
soft consonant + -ам = -ям
and so on.

Exceptions:

-хы, -кы, -гы are impossible combinations of sounds in Russian, so we use -хи, -ки, -ги in the Nominative Plural.
грех - грехи, бог - боги.


Ч is always soft, but the orthography does its job here:
Плач (no ь), плача (чя is impossible), плачу (чю is impossible), плачем, о плаче, плачи, плачей, плачам, плачами, о плачах.
Also, -ч + stressed -ём should be written as -чом. Instrumental Singular of ключ is ключом, not ключём.


Ж and ш are hard, but behave as soft:
* -ей in the Genitive Plural
* alternation of -ем/-ом in the Instrumental Singular.
Also, -и in the Nominative Plural, since жы is orthographicaly impossible.
чиж, чижа, чижу, чижом, о чиже, чижи, чижей, чижам, чижами, о чижах
марш, марша, маршу, маршем, о марше, марши, маршей, маршам, маршами, о маршах


So, to summarize the above, the rows for your table:

For -х, -к, -г:
-х, -ха, -ху, -хом, -хе, -хи, -хов, -хам, -хами, -хах
-к, -ка, -ку, -ком, -ке, -ки, -ков, -кам, -ками, -ках
-г, -га, -гу, -гом, -ге, -ги, -гов, -гам, -гами, -гах
For -ч:
-ч, -ча, -чу, -чом/-чем, -че, -чи, -чей, -чам, -чами, -чах
For -ж, -ш:
-ж, -жа, -жу, -жом/-жем, -же, -жи, -жей, -жам, -жами, -жах
-ш, -ша, -шу, -шом/-шем, -ше, -ши, -шей, -шам, -шами, -шах
For hard consonants except for -х, -к, -г, -ж, -ш:
-, -а, -у, -ом, -е, -ы, -ов, -ам, -ами, -ах
For soft consonants except for -ч:
-ь, -я, -ю, -ём/-ем, -е, -и, -ей, -ям, -ями, -ях


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What about -а in the Nominative Plural, it is completely different matter. Quite a number of nouns have -а/-я in the the Nominative Plural instead of -ы/-и.
Бока, глаза, доктора, тополя, кабеля, короба, сервера, слесаря, сектора, договора, крема.
In the colloquial language, you can even hear such weird (and ungrammatical) forms as супа, снайпера, соуса, артикула.

That -а/-я is always stressed.

You have to remember all those words, there is no rule for them.