Thank you! Yes, I agree, I think вишня is indeed sourer than черешня.
BTW, although your explanation may work perfect for English speakers, in Russia we do also eat вишня fresh right of tree. But we can use it for cooking as well (cherry pie etc.). So, both kinds of cherry are eaten fresh
In Russian, логика is feminine: Мне непонятна твоя логика (Your logic is unclear to me). Yes, it is a mass noun.
Yes, different types of logic is логики. This term is used in plural in abstract logic theory, for different logics with different sets of axioms.