I'd say that either your acquaintance was simply inventing stories or he'd been living in a very peculiar neighborhood and society.
Well, this happens in big cities now and then (probably once in six month or so according to my observations) but every single incident gets blown out of proportions by media. Russia is a multi-national country and of course some bickering take place. The antagonism towards some ethnic groups from Caucasus and Middle Asia (also citizens of Russia) is much stronger though than it is to black people or any other foreigner. I think, neo-nazis can be found in any country if you look hard, every nation has some trash in it, I suppose.
I cannot recommend any TV-channel to you (probably RT as it's been said) since I don't watch TV, but you can even read left newspapers (try The Guardian). They, more or less unbiased, but that, I think, happens not out of any great Pro-Russian sentiments, but simply to irritate their government.
Now, that's a major question!An impossible one to answer, too. Try to be more specific with it.
I don't know wher're you from, but take any writer that lived 150-200 years ago and compare the things he wrote about with the present times? Do you see any differences at all? Of course, everything's different now. The revolution of course took part in it, three generations had been born and brought up to share the communist ideals and the culture reflected that. Now, the new times turned everything upside down and swapped vices and virtues again. Your question is meaningless unless you tell us more about what you are particularly interected in because it will take us several years if we try to describe everything that has changed during the past two hundred years.