It depends on the translator's preferences, and there are different oppinions on this matter.
In fiction it's not uncommon to "translate" surnames and proper names, if they actually mean something or hint on something. There are translations of the Lord of the Rings, in which Baggins is called Торбинс, Сумкинс, and even Котомкинс. Famous Пятачок was "translated" and his character would have made less impact on children minds as "Пиглет".
In non-fiction proper names are usually transliterated as they are, without any changes, and a traditional transliteration is used if it exists, for example Thames = Темза. It's also considered a good form to add an original spelling in brackets, when possible: "Темза (Thames) - река на юге Великобритании."