носище is masculine. Well, in colloquial it can be used as neutral for further enlargement and making comic effect.
"-ище" is for masculine and neuter
"-ища" is for feminine.
It is difficult. In colloquial extensive improvisations are possible so it is not formalized.
Anyway there is no scale.
As mudrets said, there are -ин- and -га suffixes but normally they are not applicable to "нос". All those suffixes mean basically the same but are applicable to different words and I don't know what are formal rules to select proper suffix for a given word.
BTW Italians also have "undiminutive" suffix -one.