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гуляющий (причастие) — taking a walk
гулящий (прилагательное) — someone who likes to get a bit on the side — dishonest with his wife

Причастия and деепричастия are often used in written language. In everyday speech, they are quite rare.

Причастия can be replaced with analogous dependent clauses:

мальчик, ловящий девочку → ...