Please explain what these materials are that are "hardly distinguishable from paper". If you could tell us exactly where in the US (city, state) these can be found and what exactly do you mean by "a fragil framework" I will try to answer your questions.
I have owned and remodeled many houses in California (and had one house custom built) and have never run across anything that resembles "a paper house with a fragil framework". Houses in California are required to withstand earthquakes, fires, floods and landslides. In the mountains they are designed to withstand heavy snow and freezing temperatures.
And as for comparing housing laws from one state to another, that would take up way too much space on this forum and bore everyone to tears. In a nutshell, states with snow have housing codes to make the occupants safe from all the problems snow can cause. States with earthquakes have laws to keep people safe from buildings collapsing during earthquakes. Which means your more likely to find a solid brick house in Montana than in Alaska.
And the government passing emergency legislation to rapidly repair a city after a natural disaster is a good thing. In America the federal government agents show up quickly with lots of money for the state and for individual residents after a natural disaster. So everyone gets the repairs done quickly and can get back to a normal life.
Does this happen in Russia?