Originally Posted by
laxxy
"relatively easy, compared to other languages" does not mean "you can read it as if it were English" (or Russian for that matter), of course it's different.
I would also not call ち/し/じ "palatal counterparts" -- e.g. Russian soft/hard consonants are palatal counterparts to each other, these are not, they have an extra quality. Which is why the transliteration systems that ignore it are not used much, except for Russia maybe
.
Yes, certainly you are right about the extra quality. The best Russian transliteration for し should be ЩИ, IMHO, but it's never used in the literature, probably because the Щ in foreign words looks too Russian.
However, the Russian soft ТЬ are ДЬ are also not absolute "palatal counterparts" for Т and Д, and they do have an extra quality, too. They might be transcripted as [ts'] and [dz'] rather than plain [t'] and [d'], although native Russians do not usually feel it.
I wouldn't deny the fact the palatalization is sometimes accompanied with additional sound changes, the matter is it exists both in Russian and Japanese although it behaves differently.
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