Oh, also: this "Specially Designated Countries" list does NOT mean that any citizen of Kazakhstan who wants to visit the US will automatically be subjected to an extra background check.

It means that if you're a non-citizen who is ARRESTED FOR COMMITTING A CRIME while in the US, and you happen to be from one of the countries on the list, then the Immigration office is required to do this extra background check to determine whether you have a known history of involvement with terrorist organizations.