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What's the difference between зайди́ and войди́?
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I'm the only member that's keeping you on your feet ;)
What's the difference between зайди́ and войди́?
These are verbs of motion in the imperative forms, yes?
Note that they are both the prefixed perfective forms from the verb идти 'to go'. In situations like this, it helps to study prefixes and what they mean:
в(о)- meaning enter (motion into)
за -can represent the beginning of a repeated motion, a short visit to somebody or some place ("dropping in somewhere")
I hope this helps you understand the verbs in the context you are pulling them out of.
Oh, I didn't know both are prefixes of the same word at all! So that does help me understand it better.
So зайди́ is better for "зайди́ к туале́ту" whereas войди́ would do better in "войди́ к гостинице"...
Yes, I think I got it :)
зайди в туалетQuote:
Originally Posted by Valda
войди в гостиницу
Войди в гостиницу. You are indicating motion into, so from my understanding, it'd make more sense to use accusative.
"Зайди" - we can cay - зайди за дерево, зайди за угол - to move behind some object.
Also, Солнце can зайти only.
Солнце зашло - mean, Sun moved down, lower then horizon.
Does this not require the instrumental? I read somewhere that за meaning 'behind' takes instrumental. Maybe I am wrong?Quote:
Originally Posted by dondublon
No, it uses accusative.Quote:
Originally Posted by krwright
Some prepositions take more than one case, depending on circumstance. За uses instrumental when it describes a position, eg за дверью behind door etc. (вперёд, за, между, над, под take instrumental) Other times it takes accusative, спасибо за помощь is accusative. "Что это за пьяные выходки?" accusative from movie "Иван Васильевич..."
It's nominative.Quote:
"Что это за пьяные выходки?" accusative from movie "Иван Васильевич..."
Oh! I see, thanks.
I don't understand exactly, but this phrases doesn't require anything.Quote:
Originally Posted by krwright
Consider this a difference the same as between "in" and "into", "at" and "to". Just like "на" and "в" require Prepositional for expressing a location and Accusative for describing a detination of movement, "за" takes a noun in Accusative when you are describing motion with a goal to get behind something. When you are simply telling the position behind some object, it takes Instrumental. Even when the position is not itself static :) Eg. "За мной!" which can be used as "follow me" or "иди за мной"... doesn't matter much when used as a command).Quote:
Originally Posted by krwright
Not perfect but nice. Still I don't understand what is lower пере-.Quote:
Originally Posted by zxc
I think it's differentiating between moving across something and moving from one place to the other. I guess that's sort of the same thing, but it's the difference between:Quote:
Originally Posted by it-ogo
Я перешел дорогу.
and
я переехал из России в США.
Ah, I got it. The smaller cube is another place.
left bottom corner - wrong stress
пешкОм not пЕшком
This was the clarification I was looking for. Спасибо большое! :-)Quote:
Originally Posted by Shady_arc
zxc - большая находка! :)
Yes -- and you can generalize this for certain other prepositions like над ("over") and под ("under") -- instrumental for static position, accusative for motion.Quote:
Originally Posted by Shady_arc
Also, note:
Он сидел за столом. (He was sitting at [lit. "behind"] the table.)
Он сел за стол. (He sat down at the table.)
The latter uses the accusative because "to sit down" implies movement, even though it's not one of the "Verbs Of Motion".
I like it and will definitely recommend it on other blogs!Quote:
Originally Posted by zxc
Though I disagree with how they illustrated the prefixes от- and под-. I'm not sure the arrows should actually be touching the big box.
I mean, if you say Я отъезжаю от Москвы, it means "I'm driving away from Moscow" (i.e., "I'm in a vehicle and I'm increasing the distance between myself and Moscow") -- but it doesn't necessarily imply that you began your journey in Moscow. (You could be driving from Рязань to the Black Sea coast, for instance.) Similarly, Я подъезжаю к Москве is "I'm approaching Moscow / Headed in the direction of Moscow", but doesn't necessarily mean that you're planning to go all the way to Moscow.
And I might have the arrow for до- "crashing into" a perpendicular line (because it means "all the way up to, but no farther" or "only as far as").
If you liked the image, you may also like this one:
http://i.imgur.com/hcJ4q.jpg
and possibly the book Грамматика русского языка в иллюстрациях (which is where it came from).
войди - can mean only to enter, (войди в здание = enter the building, войди внутрь = enter inside)
зайди has a broader meaning, usually go to or visit somewhere/something/somebody (зайди в магазин и купи сок = go to a store and buy juice, зайди к дяде Джону - go and visit uncle John), зайди can also mean 'move behind something, like corner, building... e.g. зайди за угол = go and turn round the corner, зайди за это здание = go behind that building).
над is used with instr. even in the meaning of direction.
Eh? Can't think of an example. Is it even used in this meaning? Maybe, some ambiguous case like "взлететь над городом" where it isn't clear how to boild down an exact meaning.Quote:
Originally Posted by Marcus
Повесить картину над кроватью. Не совсем точный пример, но суть в том, что с вин. п. "над" употребляться не может, в отличие от "под".
Они зашли в тупик.
Он (слишком) далеко зашёл. Идиома.
Далеко зайти
Далеко зайти
Перевод Далеко зайти
ДАЛЕКО ЗАХОДИТЬ. ДАЛЕКО ЗАЙТИ. Экспрес. Забываясь, теряя контроль над собой, переступать принятые нормы поведения, приличия, обычаи, привычки и т. д. —
Я должен, однако ж, решительно сказать, что мы зашли далеко. Мой долг, моя обязанность сказать тебе это. — Что сказать?.. — Что мы делаем очень дурно, что видимся тайком (Гончаров. Обломов).
Варвара явно кокетничала с ним, и Самгин находил, что она заходит слишком далеко (М. Горький. Жизнь Клима Самгина).
Ум за разум зашёл. Поговорка.
"Ум за разум заходит
Перевод
ум за разум заходитум за разум заходит <зашёл> Разг. Обычно в указ. ф. Кто-либо теряет способность разумно рассуждать, действовать.
У кого? у родителей, у меня… ум за разум заходит;
ум за разум заходит от чего? от забот, от неприятностей…
У меня, вероятно, зашел ум за разум, и я написал совсем не то, что хотел. (А. Чехов.)
Часто, начиная думать о самой простой вещи, я впадал в безвыходный круг анализа своих мыслей… Ум за разум заходил. (Л. Толстой.)
У меня ум за разум заходит. Мечусь и сама не знаю зачем. (С. Баруздин.)"
Спасибо. Я нашла еще части эты книга. Всё-же выборка.Quote:
Originally Posted by zxc
http://rus-lang.ru/files/%D0%B3%D1%8...1%8F%D1%85.pdf