Actually, it would be rather difficult to make the list you're asking for -- not because I'm embarrassed about such questions, but because of regional/dialect variations in English. So a term that is "extremely vulgar" in UK English might be "mildly vulgar" in US English, and "child's speech" in Australian English. And even within the US, there may be differences in opinion about "degrees of rudeness" depending on whether you ask (for example) a Polish-American from New York, an Italian-American from Florida, or an African-American from Chicago. This can be especially true when you're asking about terms that fall in the "slightly rude" range -- i.e., somewhere in the vast canyon between "safe to use in church" and "pornographic."Btw can you range the synonyms forpennispenis by rudeness, please?
All I can say for certain is that "cock", "dick", and "prick" are undoubtedly the three strongest/rudest variants in all dialects of English, while "penis" is, of course, the acceptable clinical/scientific/neutral term in all dialects.
But which is MORE obscene: "Cock" or "prick"? That depends on what part of the English-speaking world you come from. And is it a mild vulgarism or merely a childish euphemism if you refer to it as a "wiener" (дословно "сосиска")? Again, it depends on your dialect.