could be that i didn't use the most appropriate definitions

what i meant was

cause and consequence relationship is when the action or a state in the first sentence describes the consequence of the action or a state in the second sentence

At 4 I didn't go to school (1) because (conjunction) I was too young (2)

В 4 года я не ходил в школу (1), потому что (conjunction) был слишком мал (2).

time relationship is when the actions or states described in the two sentences occur at different times and conjunction denotes their relative order

Before (conjunction) I go to sleep (2) I do some Yoga (1)
OR
I do some Yoga (1) before (conjunction) I go to sleep (2)

Перед тем, как лечь спать, я занимаюсь йогой
ИЛИ
Я занимаюсь йогой перед тем, как лечь спать.

here как by itself has no meaning, it's a part of a solid conjunction перед тем, как and only connects two sentences

In English you can also say

Before going to sleep I do some Yoga

English gerund into Russian is often translated by a finite clause (a phrase with a verb in certain tense) or infinitive clause (a phrase with a verb in infinitive form) and will necessitate building this type of compound sentence