Quote Originally Posted by Боб Уайтман View Post
Does it mean that "Have you called me today?" is wrong? I was taught that the present perfect is used when the time period specified for the action is not finished yet (today, this morning, this year), and the past simple is used when the time period is already in the past (yesterday, last year, one second ago).
So, as I was taught, I should say "Have you called me this year?" but "Did you call me a second ago?". Is it correct?
"Have you called me today?" This is ok, because within the day is not specified sufficiently. To me it seems your understanding is correct.

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentperfect.html