Seriously, how come you don't know how to memorize words and stuff?
1. You can repeat a word several times to memorize it, then repeat the set of repetitions again in a week.
2. You can find a word which sounds similarly in your native language to the word in question (щит (shield) - sh!t
and think up funny phrases like "sh!tty щит"
3. You can resort to pictures
4. Read as much as you can. At first you will stumble on unknown words/grammatic patterns but over time if you work them out, it'll be easier and easier. The good news is that you will learn words in context, so that a word links to a situation in mind, which helps memorize grammar and vocab, and in sentences, showing how to connect the word to other words, how to use it in a sentence.
5. Practice creating your own sentences. When you compose sentences, you develop your active vocabulary, as opposed to the passive vocabulary, which works when you perceive information, not when you compose it.
6. Find a native speaker to talk with.