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Надеяться means "to hope, expect"
My question is, do you use the dative or nominative!
and in a further point, when do you use the dative, such as "мне холодно, мне нравится"
Are there rules behind it!?
And when does one use just "мне нравец" instead of the -ся
Большое спасибо!
Nominative.Quote:
Originally Posted by Gottimhimmel
"Я надеюсь".
1. Dative instead of nominative is used with a wide range of adverbs such as холодно, жарко, смешно, грустно etc. These adverbs are named категория состояния.Quote:
Originally Posted by Gottimhimmel
"мне холодно" literally means "for me, [it is] cold".
Actually, категория состояния can be used not only with dative. Other constructions exist too. For example:
"У меня на душе спокойно" - "In my soul, [it is] quiet/peace".
2. There are some verbs such as хотеться, спаться and so on. They should always be used with dative. For example, "мне не спится" = "for me, [it] does not sleep" = "I cannot sleep"; "мне хочется гулять" = "for me, [it] wants to go for a walk" = "I want to go for a walk".
There is no way to determine if a verb ending with -ся is a "normal" verb or a verb requiring dative. So you have to remember them.
Fortunately, these verbs are very rare, and in most cases "normal" verbs can be used instead of them. For example:
"мне хочется гулять" = "я хочу гулять"
"мне не спится" = "я не могу уснуть"
3. "мне нравится" is a different case. The verb нравиться is a normal verb in the grammatical sence, but its lexical meaning is a bit weird. It can be explained as "similar to English verb to like, but in passive voice".
In English, we can say "I like her", so "I" is a grammatical subject and "her" is a grammatical object. But in Russian, the verb "нравиться" requires us to use "her" as a subject. So we should say "Она мне нравится". Literally, "She is-liked for me".
It looks strange, but that it is. :)
нравец is not a word. That is wrong.Quote:
Originally Posted by Gottimhimmel
I don't think it is weird. :D It is usual.
You can think about it like about the verb "to please" in English.
Огурец мне нравится. - The cucumber pleases me. Cucumber is a subject, me is an object.
As soon as word order in Russian is more free than in English (due to the case system) "Мне нравится огурец" is almost the same as "Огурец нравится мне".
BTW Spanish verb "gustar" works exactly like that.
Oh, you naughty thing!Quote:
Originally Posted by it-ogo
:oops:
http://www.popartuk.com/g/l/lg6956.jpg
Ah, I knew that all those vicious things corrupting the morals of our youth come from the sinister West! Don't read this dirt, my little cucumber!Quote:
Originally Posted by Throbert McGee