Yes, in the Russian sentence above "Огонь погас!" there is a verb, "погас".
"Погас" is the past-tense form of the perfective verb "ПОГАСНУТЬ".
It denotes a completed action.
"гАснуть/погАснуть" is an intransitive verb and does not require the direct object.
In other words, the fire has died out by itself; it did not take a person to extinguish the fire.
Here are some more sentences with the verb "гаснуть/погаснуть":
- Олимпийский огонь погас.
- Свечи погасли.
- "спектакль окончен; гаснет свет; и многоточий больше нет." ( из песни).

However, there is another verb, "ГАСИТЬ/погасить что? (огонь, пожар, свет, сигарету)" (to extinguish, to put out fire.)This is a transitive verb that requires the direct object.
In other words, it takes someone to extinguish or put out fire.
Here are some more sentences with the verb "гасить/погасить что-либо":
- Пожарные быстро погасили огонь.
- Гасите свечи!
- Гаси свет!
- Он может погасить Ваши долги.