What form is "найдены" ?

The sentence is from a newsreport from way back, found here: http://www.russianmentor.net/Russian...efrn_06_34.htm

Потерпевший аварию на дальнем востоке авиалайнер Ту-154 был оборудован четырьмя чёрыми ящиками.
Три из них уже найдены и отправлены в Москву.

Hello everyone,

I guess it is a rather basic question but I cannot find answers in my books.

How do the forms of найдены и отправлены happen?

Why is it not нашли and отправили?



I thank you already for your help.


Kind regards,


Michael

"were discovered and sent to Moscow". It's Passive voice + Past tense.
Active and passive verbs — LearnRussian Grammar tables

You can also read here: http://www.ipages.am/files/companies...%20Grammar.pdf


" 303 Perfective reflexives with passive meaning

Perfective passives are normally expressed by a participle (see 359 and 360 (2) (ii)).
However, passives may also be expressed by perfective reflexives that denote:

(1) Covering:
Вершины покрылись снегом
The peaks became covered in snow

Note
This sentence describes an action. Compare the use of a participle to describe a state:
Вершины покрыты снегом ‘The peaks are covered in snow’.

(2) Filling:
Таз наполнился водой
The basin filled with water

(3) Illuminating:
Поля осветлись поздним солнцем
The fields were illuminated by the late sun

(4) Others, for example ‘replacing’, ‘creating’, ‘breaking’:

Её прежняя радость сменлась чувством крайнего раздражения
Her former joy yielded to a feeling of extreme irritation

Создалось сложное положение
A complex situation developed

Разбился стул
A chair got smashed

Note

Animate instrumentals are excluded from such constructions. They are possible only with a passive participle (see 359), cf.:

Кружок создался/был создан
The club was set up

Кружок был создан (but not *создался) учениками
The club was set up by the pupils "

Thank you for your responses.

But why do the two verbs above end in "ены" and not like in all the passive examples with the typical -ся variation?

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Micha

Thank you for your responses.

But why do the two verbs above end in "ены" and not like in all the passive examples with the typical -ся variation?

---

It is all sort of a weird stuff to explore (or to explain).

1. Вершины покрылись снегом
The peaks became covered in snow = Вершины покрыты снегом

2. Таз наполнился водой
The basin filled with water = Таз наполнен водой

3 Поля осветлились поздним солнцем
The fields were illuminated by the late sun = Поля осветлены поздним солнцем


4. Её прежняя радость сменилась чувством крайнего раздражения
Her former joy yielded to a feeling of extreme irritation = радость (ныне) сменена чувством раздражения

Создалось сложное положение
A complex situation developed = сложное положение создано

Разбился стул
A chair got smashed = стул разбит

and, finally...

Три из них уже найдены и отправлены в Москву. = три из них нашлись и отправились в Москву (kinda more familiar, I doubt that you can use that with inanimate things - at least, in official article).

My advice: just remember the phrase "найдены и отправлены" (smth is found and sent) - you can often hear it in news and reports.

Раскрываемость угонов продолжает оставаться невысокой — всего из угнанных за текущий год автомобилей в Москве было найдено 800 машин. (http://www.gazeta.ru/auto/2014/10/31_a_6284697.shtml)

Два человека отправлены в СИЗО и двое под домашний арест по делу о крушении самолета главы «Total» во Внуково (http://echo.msk.ru/news/1425016-echo.html)

etc etc

Okay, I do not get it at all, but I can roll with "just remember that" ;)

Thanks!

Quote:

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Originally Posted by Micha

Thank you for your responses.

But why do the two verbs above end in "ены" and not like in all the passive examples with the typical -ся variation?

---

It's when we have the past passive particles but in a short form.

The Past Passive Participles