1. There's "типа", but that's a new word (exists for last two decades) and that's kinda rude style. In English you can change it to "kind of", in Russian you often cannon change it to "как бы", "что ли" or something like that (different kinds of "sort of", "like" and so on)

2. Instrumental "Ей"/"ею" are equivalent variants, "ею" is more suitable for written style or when you feel like changing the rhythm of the phrase/resolving ambiguity ("ей" is both Dative and Instrumental). Or, maybe, "ей" is far from the verb and you want a reader to grasp the link a tiny bit easier. Or just beacause. Feel free to use any.
"Ней"/"него"/"ними"/"неё" and other forms starting with "н" are variants used after prepositions. Here you can look up the list of prepositions. Few are used without it. More or less popular include вне("outside of'), благодаря("thanks to"), согласно("according to"), навстречу(on the way "to meet" something/someone, i.e. in the opposite direction, towards that object), вопреки(contrary to). As you can see, the majority are adverbs/adverbal participles doubling as prepositions, and quite bookish.
ﾃﾐﾀﾌﾎﾒﾀ.ﾐﾓ ??粽??竟??璋韶?? 竟??褪-??琿 ｫﾐ??韜 ?鍄? | ﾑ?珞? | ﾏ

For nouns, I'd say that -ою/-ею variant smells old. Don't use it unless you know what you are doing. Though, they can be used in poetry: "-ою"/"-ею" ending gives you an additional syllable, which may be useful. So don't freak out when you stumble upon one of these in a modern song.