It's been about four years since I've been to Ukraine, but here's my understanding of the situation.
1. Yes, it's complicated and controversial.
2. Nearly 100% of Ukrainians know Russian, at least to some extent.
3. Some large portion of Ukrainians speak little to no Ukrainian.
4. People in Eastern and Southern Ukraine tend to be Russian speakers.
5. People North and West of Kiev tend to speak Ukrainian.
6. There is some sentiment that Ukrainian should be promoted as the national language and it is the "official" language for many formal and governmental purposes.
7. There is, among others, feeling that Russian is more advantageous/historical, etc.
8. There is a general sort of East/West split in Ukraine involving a lot of mutual distrust. Language is one component of that split.
9. It's a little bit like if somehow the US decided that Spanish was now the national language. Most people in the US know a little Spanish and could learn it if they needed to but it would seem odd to reject the language of the majority of the citizens. (Obviously in many other ways it is dissimilar, for instance Russian and Ukrainian are far more similar as languages than English and Spanish)



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